نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله English
نویسنده English
The issue of “non-resistant nonbelief” has long been discussed in Islamic theology, where traditional theologians primarily focused on its “possibility” and its “eschatological ruling” (salvation or damnation). Although the relationship of this phenomenon with divine attributes was not central in classical works, contemporary philosophers of religion have seriously pursued it. The significance of the issue is evident in that some contemporary philosophers, such as J.L. Schellenberg, regard it as an argument against God’s existence. This study, recognizing its importance in modern theology, aims to re-examine this doctrine in Islamic theology using a descriptive-analytical method, analyzing the relation of non-resistant nonbelief to divine attributes of love and benevolence, guidance, wisdom, and justice. The research reveals that Schellenberg’s perceived incompatibility between non-resistant nonbelief and divine attributes stems from a one-dimensional view of divine attributes. He appears to reduce all divine attributes to love, considering the removal of all non-voluntary obstacles and establishing personal relationships with all humans as its necessary consequence. In contrast, a comprehensive view of the full set of divine attributes properly delineates their implications and scopes. This issue—reflecting the hierarchical governance of divine active names and attributes and, consequently, of creational laws—is the preferred framework for relating this phenomenon to divine attributes, as elaborated in the article.
کلیدواژهها English