A Review of Viewpoints Concerning Quiddity of Religious Science
علی
ربانی گلپایگانی
author
text
article
2017
per
Religious science is one of the new theological subjects put forward concerning the relation of religion and science. Quiddity, possibility, reason and quality of attaining it are the most significant discussions pertaining to it, and various, and sometimes contradictory, views have been advanced in question. Quiddity of religious science has special significance, since it affects other subjects in respect of religious science. Some have considered the only reasonable and acceptable meaning of religious science religiousness of scientists; it means ascription of religiousness to science is allegorical. Others have regarded what a science is about as the criterion for religiousness of a science. It suggests if a scientist believe that that phenomenon is the saying or action of God, the science is religious. There are other criteria raised concerning religious knowledge which are: deducing scientific theories from religious sources, having religious and divine motive and will, relation and harmony of naturalism with metaphysics, compatibility and incompatibility of scientific theories with religious teachings and non-contradiction of scientific theories with religious teachings. Some others have considered the religious ideology of scientist as a criterion for religious science. This ideology would affect scientific hypotheses, interpretation of scientific findings, practical direction of scientists, view of scientist regarding the subject, method of scientific inquiry and finally the ultimate result. This paper has quoted and criticized this view, explaining the accepted viewpoint
Kalam Islami
Ayatollah Sobhani
2322-4592
26
v.
103
no.
2017
9
39
https://www.kalamislami.ir/article_61728_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Hawking and the World Self-Sufficiency, a Critical Study
حمیدرضا
شاکرین
author
text
article
2017
per
Hawking, the contemporary physicist and cosmologist, has tried to argue Self-sufficiency of the World and its needlessness to God, by using some of the new cosmological theories. However, the present article, by asking help of the Almighty God, is to dispute his arguments in this field. The final result is that the ideas and reasons developed by Hawking are not scientifically authentic; nor do they indicate to what he has tried to prove.
Kalam Islami
Ayatollah Sobhani
2322-4592
26
v.
103
no.
2017
41
53
https://www.kalamislami.ir/article_61729_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Grades of Divine Action from Viewpoint of Philosophers and Theologians of Isfahan School, particularly Mulla-Sadra and Mulla Saleh Mazandarani
مهدی
عباس زاده
author
الهام
میراحسنی
author
text
article
2017
per
Divine action, creation and sustenance of creatures, has seven grades given Quranic verses. Form other hand, immutability of God is one of the doctrines of Quran, religious leaders, finding of reason and therefore is according to rational and revealed demonstrations. Accordingly, establishment of existence of several grades in divine action must not be led to ascription of divine essence to immutability and his actions to temporality. Mulla-Sadra and Mulla Saleh Mazandarani, who are respectively from philosophers and theologian of Isfahan school, have put forward their reasons for proving grades in divine essence based on Quranic verses and narrations. Relying on their rational bases, Mulla-Sadra and Mulla Saleh Mazandarani have developed different theories on conventionality or reality of grades of divine action, possibility or impossibility of temporality of some divine actions, and that these grades are from attributes of essence or attributes of action of God. However, both have had the same opinion respecting the relation between sins of servants and free will, and the status of existing evils in the natural world. This subject is a corollary of the grades of divine action. This article intends to explain the viewpoints of philosophers and theologians of Isfahan school in the matter of grades of divine action and explanation of results and requirements of each viewpoint.
Kalam Islami
Ayatollah Sobhani
2322-4592
26
v.
103
no.
2017
55
78
https://www.kalamislami.ir/article_61730_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Globalization and its Role in Appearance of Imam Mahdi
امید
درویشی
author
رحیم
کارگر
author
text
article
2017
per
Explaining some characters of economical dimension of globalization, this paper indicates to industrial and technological developments, evolution in transport, formation of hardware and software factors in economic development and failure of international economic institutions in economic growth. These characteristics, from one hand, provide requirements for establishment of a global government and, from other hand, they make people disappointed from action of heads of globalization and revolt against them and accept the culture of the belief in the savor.
From political aspect, this paper has dealt with some characteristics of globalization like weakening of national sovereignty, forming of international political institutions, enhancement of political awareness, impairment of international borders and despairing international society over global political systems. These traits have made practical grounds for acceptance of the idea of a global government seeking justice. Likewise, in cultural aspect, this paper covers the matter of growth of networks, digital technologies, removal of cultural borders and encountering various cultures in global area. These make a suitable ground for presenting information regarding the personality of Imam Mahi and acquaintance with actions and programs of Imam Mahdi.
Kalam Islami
Ayatollah Sobhani
2322-4592
26
v.
103
no.
2017
79
100
https://www.kalamislami.ir/article_61735_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
A Review of the Matter of Status of Words in Science of Osoul and its Relation to Hermeneutics
عبدالحسین
خسروپناه
author
مهدی
نجفی مقدم
author
text
article
2017
per
The matter of status of words is an important part of topics of science of Osoul. This issue has a long history in books of Shia scholars of Osoul and has passed various developments. The importance of this issue lies in understanding of meaning and reference of Quranic verses and the narrations, and consequently in deducing of religious laws from Quran and Ahadith. From other hand, one of the sciences developed in the west and includes several theories and schools is hermeneutics which is the science of understanding texts and other human enterprises. Hermeneutics has passed three tendencies: classic, romantic and philosophical. The matter of words in Osoul has relation with all these tendencies, though its relation to the classic and romantic one is more clear and serious. Though a big part of theological topic is driven from revealed sources (Quran and narration), the matter of words as well as hermeneutics have a pivotal role in this part of theological discussions
Kalam Islami
Ayatollah Sobhani
2322-4592
26
v.
103
no.
2017
101
127
https://www.kalamislami.ir/article_61736_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
The Reaction of Theologians to The Raised Challenges from Ptolemaic System
رسول
رضوی
author
رضا
دارینی
author
text
article
2017
per
Hellenic- Greek works have entered Islamic world since the beginning of Umayyad caliphate in the first century (A.H), and at the time of the first Abbasid Caliphate have been recognized; then translation of new books of Hellenic- Greek civilization developed in a new organization called Bayt al-Hekmah. Of the works translated is the book of Ptolemaic System that entered scientific academia very soon after its translation to Arabic and affected enormous scientific subjects in various fields like theology. Ptolemaic System challenged and influenced subjects like cosmology, miracles of the prophet (p.b.u.h), eschatology, etc. and it had and important impact on explanation and establishment of theological topics. Reviewing theological books of Imamiyah theologians, it gets clear that this inspiration has had different manifestations. That is, in some issues like the number of heaven, seven heaven of paradise was accommodated with nine Ptolemaic spheres, and is some other matters, like ascension of the prophet, splitting of the moon, returning of the sun, the blowing by Israfil, Ptolemaic System was denied and refuted. However, there were some novel ideal put forward, like Hurqala’ee body, which advanced afterwards new theological theories. Finally, some bravely interpreted and changed some parts of Ptolemaic system, like the issue of breaking and mending of nine spheres which was excluded in the last sphere (Atlas).
Kalam Islami
Ayatollah Sobhani
2322-4592
26
v.
103
no.
2017
129
145
https://www.kalamislami.ir/article_61737_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf